Individuals+with+Disabilities+Education+Act+(IDEA)+PL+94-142

 Free and Appropriate Education for ALL!  __1. Overview of the law__ Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)  ·  Also once known as P.L. 94-142 or the Education for all Handicapped Children Act of 1975   ·  More than 6 million students with disabilities fall under this act!  ·  Some aspects implemented in 1975 but renamed in 1990 and then, majorly revised in 2004 and 2006  ·  (Part B of IDEA) states //all// students between 3 and 21 have the right to receive a Free and Appropriate education.  ·  (Part C of IDEA) an amendment is in progress to have the law work for children under the age of three. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">(Part D of IDEA) states the national government must provide resources, evaluations, funding, training, and information for IDEA for parents, educators, and researchers

[|Federal IDEA Website]<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> __2. What prompted this law to be enacted?__

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> || <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">1/3 of Students with disabilities were retained at least once <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> || <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Before IDEA, public schools educated very few children with disabilities. Students with any type of disability had no laws ensuring education; therefore, many students with an adaptable impairment, like deafness, were not taught. Other students were not given the option of inclusion in regular public schools, and as a result, they were separated in "special" schools. Some of these schools were inadequate because they had no regulatory laws promoting a respectable education. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">President George W. Bush signed for the revised IDEA law through the NCLB act. The heighten standards with NCLB also pressured educators to raise the quality of education for students with disabilities, thus, IDEA was revisited and strictly reinforced within schools systems after NCLB was signed. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Through NCLB, teachers must have Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) reports. AYP is a schools movement towards getting all students up to par. Monitoring of AYP is what prompted educations to pay more attention to disabled students’ progress. Many states now require students with disabilities must be counted within the final sum number of students; therefore, disabled students’ progress lawfully cannot be ignored. Plus, in order for schools to receive funding, they must get //all// of their students up to proficiency, even disabled students. AYP checks up on implementing of IDEA within schools. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">Statistics that Promoted IDEA ||
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">2/3 of secondary students with learning disabilities were reading 3 or more grade levels behind <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">Only 57 percent of disabled students graduated with a standard diploma. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> || <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">10 percent of Special ed. teachers were uncertified ||
 * <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: #333333; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">69 percent of parents said many children could have avoided special education if they were given help earlier <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> ||

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">[[image:oseplogo.gif align="center" caption="ideas that work"]]
__3. What are the law’s provisions?__

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  //<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">A ll  //<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> students between 3 and 21 have the right to receive a Free and Appropriate education. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">A student must be formally identified as disabled in order to qualify under IDEA. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Schools must identify all children and evaluate students as early as possible. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">A student must go through a complete evaluation for IDEA, not just one test. An IQ test alone is not sufficient. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Education must help prepare a student to appropriately adapt to life after schooling is completed like jobs, further education, or independency. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Every student should have a chance at the general curriculum with the same objectives as their peers. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Zero tolerance discipline rules cannot be applied to students with disabilities. Educator disciplinarians must take into account each student’s unique situation with their disability. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Each student is allowed an Individualized Educational Plan (IEP) if recognized as disabled. Parents are to be notified and informed of the IEP. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">IEPs are to be reviewed annually. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Parents and their students have the right to order a due process, or a hearing, if they think the student is not being allowed his or her educational rights under IDEA. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol"> ·  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">States receive federal funds to allow students with disabilities to enter public classrooms

[|U.S. Department of Justice's IDEA Explanation]<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">

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__4. What are the law’s implications for public schools?__<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">All schools must have Highly Qualified Teachers (HQT). This means teachers must have a bachelor’s degree. They must have a state license, and they must be knowledgeable in their subject field. Special education teachers must have a special education license. Schools must provide a special ed. teacher who will individualize lessons for students with a learning disability. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Schools must provide testing to determine if a student has a disability at no cost. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Parents have the right to know of a student’s progress through required IEPs for each student with a disability. Teachers are expected to create IEPs for the students with disabilities. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Public schools must also provide each student with a Free and Appropriate Education (FAPE). Free, of course, means a //free// education (and transportation to and from) must be available to all. Appropriate means the education must work with a student's disability and the student must learn within the Least Restrictive Environment (LRE). The LRE works with a students’ maximum ability level. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"> §  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">A //Few// LRE Examples: Wheel chair accommodations, large print books, or a resource room. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Support services must also be available to students. <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings"> §  <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">A //Few// Examples: Counselors, Therapy, Aides <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">

__5. Annotated list of resources__
<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">1. "A Guide to Disability Rights Laws." //U.S. Department of Justice//. 28 Feb. 2008 http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/ada/cguide.htm#anchor65310<span== ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">This website of the United States’ Department of Justice visits all citizens’ rights within education, specifically IDEA. This site gives a brief, but to the point, informational summary of the law. It is a great site to check up on the reliability of other sources that talk about the terms of IDEA. All former names of the law and simplified provisions can be found here. The site is intended as a resource for the older student up to the teacher. Citizens can look up a law here to ensure the law is being enforced justly. == ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">2. “Adequate Yearly Progress.” U.S. Department of Education. 28 Feb. 2008 <http://answers.ed.gov/cgi-bin/education.cfg/php/enduser/std_adp.php?p_faqid=6&p_created=1095256734&p_sid=biCz1Gli&p_lva=&p_sp=cF9zcmNoPSZwX3NvcnRfYnk9JnBfZ3JpZHNvcnQ9JnBfcm93X2NudD0xMTUmcF9wcm9kcz0mcF9jYXRzPSZwX3B2PSZwX2N2PSZwX3BhZ2U9MQ**&p_li=&p_topview=1>. == ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">The United States Department of Education is a website that attempts to cover all technical aspects of education. The cite was “under construction” for the IDEA section, but it did have information geared towards parents and teachers about AYP. AYP is important for IDEA because it ensures IDEA’s effectiveness within schools for students with disabilities. == ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">3. Cortiella, Candace. "IDEA 2004 Close Up: Evaluation and Eligibility." //Great Schools.// 28 Feb. 2008 http://www.schwablearning.org/articles.aspx?r=1063&f=search<span== ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">This website is intended as a free parent resource for educational information on learning disabilities. Laws and processes of education are discussed in depth to help parents fully understand the sometimes complex topics. The author of many of the articles is Candace Cortiella, the direction of //The Advocacy Institute//. She has a disabled child, and she is well-trained in the special education area. Her articles are great because they take small terms from IDEA and expand them into informational articles for the general public to fully understand. This article explains the evaluation process of IDEA. It makes sure parents understand if their child has been identified correctly for special education or not. == ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">4. Cortiella, Candace. "Highly Qualified Teachers." //Great Schools//. 28 Feb. 2008 http://www.schwablearning.org/articles.aspx?r=972<span== ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">This website is intended as a free parent resource for educational information on learning disabilities. Laws and processes of education are discussed in depth to help parents fully understand the sometimes complex topics. The author of many of the articles is Candace Cortiella, the direction of //The Advocacy Institute//. She has a disabled child, and she is well-trained in the special education area. Her articles are great because they take small terms from IDEA and expand them into informational articles for the general public to fully understand. This article informs parents of the Highly Qualified Teachers (HQT) provision of IDEA. 5. “Special Education” //Encarta Online Encyclopedia//. 28 Feb. 2008 http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761591307/Special_Education.html#p10 == ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">This is an online encyclopedia website that gives a complete overview of IDEA. It touches on the main aspects of the law, and this cite gives one a good starting place for basic information on IDEA. It lists all the provisions educators must follow underneath this law. This website is made, at least, for the older student who is generally wondering about IDEA. This is also a good place to compare the credibility of other sources. ==

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">5. “Special Education” //Encarta Online Encyclopedia//. 28 Feb. 2008 http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761591307/Special_Education.html#p10 <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">This is an online encyclopedia website that gives a complete overview of IDEA. It touches on the main aspects of the law, and this cite gives one a good starting place for basic information on IDEA. It lists all the provisions educators must follow underneath this law. This website is made, at least, for the older student who is generally wondering about IDEA. This is also a good place to compare the credibility of other sources. ==

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">6. “Topics Database.” //IDEA Partnership//. 28 Feb. 2008 <span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'">http://www.ideapartnership.org/ == ==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> IDEA Partnership is an organization associated with other educational organizations to ensure equal rights for students with disabilities. This cite explains the act’s evolvement from its beginning to the amendment in progress today to get newborns covered for early intervention. It thoroughly explains Parts B-D. This site is a resource for parents, educators, and professionals interested in IDEA and communities of progress. It provides extensive facts on IDEA like some of the other resources, and it does encourage parents and educators to support IDEA. ==

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Cornell University Law website offers a great explanation of IDEAs provisions. The site is mostly likely intended for law majors and professional scholars, but it gives a neat, formal outline of IDEAs expectations. This site gives a new view and expands on the provisions other cites of IDEA state. This site also finds provisions that some of the general websites on IDEA did not. ==

<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">
==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">8. “Why Students with Learning Disabilities Need No Child Left Behind.” National Center for Learning Disabilities. 28 Feb. 2008 http://www.ncld.org/index.php?option=content&task=view&id=287==

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==<span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 'Times New Roman','serif'; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">This is a national website dedicated to giving disabled students equal opportunities in education. It is an informational website aimed at older students, teachers, researchers, and other professionals. This website gives the alarming statistics that made people want to give students with disabilities a better education. It is one of the major organizations that pushed for the implementing of the IDEA provisions within public schools. This site also explains how Bush’s NCLB act reinstated IDEA. ==